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<h1 id="guida-git-da-riga-di-comando-in-visual-studio">🧑‍💻 Guida Git da riga di comando in Visual Studio</h1>
<p>Questa guida mostra tutti i comandi principali per usare <strong>Git</strong> direttamente dalla riga di comando in <strong>Visual Studio</strong> su un progetto.</p>
<hr>
<h2 id="1-inizializzare-un-repository">📂 1. Inizializzare un repository</h2>
<pre class="hljs"><code>git init
✅ Crea un nuovo repository Git nella cartella del progetto.
💡 Dopo questo comando, la cartella .git contiene tutte le informazioni di controllo versione.
🔗 2. Collegare un repository remoto
bash
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git remote add origin &lt;URL-del-repo&gt;
✅ Collega il repository locale a un repository remoto (ad esempio su GitHub o GitLab).
💡 origin è il nome predefinito per il repository remoto principale.
📊 3. Controllare lo stato del repository
bash
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git status
✅ Mostra i file modificati, aggiunti o eliminati.
💡 Utile per capire cosa è pronto per il commit.
npm server
➕ 4. Aggiungere file all’area di staging
bash
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git add &lt;nome-file&gt;
git add . <span class="hljs-comment"># aggiunge tutti i file modificati</span>
✅ Sposta i file nello staging area pronti per il commit.
💡 Usa . per aggiungere tutti i file modificati.
✏️ 5. Creare un commit
bash
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git commit -m <span class="hljs-string">&quot;Messaggio del commit&quot;</span>
✅ Salva le modifiche nell’<span class="hljs-built_in">history</span> del repository.
💡 Il messaggio dovrebbe essere chiaro e descrivere le modifiche apportate.
🚀 6. Inviare le modifiche al repository remoto
bash
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git push origin main
✅ Carica i commit sul repository remoto.
💡 Sostituisci main con il branch corrente se diverso.
⬇️ 7. Scaricare modifiche dal repository remoto
bash
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git pull origin main
✅ Aggiorna il repository locale con le ultime modifiche dal remoto.
💡 Risolve automaticamente i cambiamenti se non ci sono conflitti.
🌿 8. Creare un nuovo branch
bash
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git branch &lt;nome-branch&gt;
git checkout &lt;nome-branch&gt; <span class="hljs-comment"># spostarsi sul branch</span>
✅ Permette di lavorare su nuove funzionalità senza modificare il branch principale.
💡 Puoi combinare i due comandi con git checkout -b &lt;nome-branch&gt;.
🔄 9. Unire branch
bash
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git merge &lt;nome-branch&gt;
✅ Unisce le modifiche di un branch nel branch corrente.
💡 Risolvi eventuali conflitti prima di completare il merge.
📜 10. Visualizzare la cronologia dei commit
bash
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git <span class="hljs-built_in">log</span>
✅ Mostra la lista dei commit con autore, data e messaggio.
💡 git <span class="hljs-built_in">log</span> --oneline per una versione compatta.
🧹 11. Ignorare file
Crea un file .gitignore nella root del progetto e aggiungi i file o le cartelle da ignorare:
text
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<span class="hljs-comment"># Esempio .gitignore</span>
bin/
obj/
*.exe
*.<span class="hljs-built_in">log</span>
✅ Evita di aggiungere file temporanei o di build al repository.
⚙️ 12. Configurare Git
bash
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git config --global user.name <span class="hljs-string">&quot;Nome Cognome&quot;</span>
git config --global user.email <span class="hljs-string">&quot;email@example.com&quot;</span>
✅ Imposta il nome e la mail per i commit.
💡 --global applica la configurazione a tutti i repository locali.
🔍 13. Controllare i remote
bash
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git remote -v
✅ Mostra gli URL dei repository remoti collegati.
🧩 14. Annullare modifiche
Annullare modifiche non salvate:
bash
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git checkout -- &lt;file&gt;
Rimuovere file dallo staging:
bash
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git reset &lt;file&gt;
Annullare l’ultimo commit mantenendo le modifiche locali:
bash
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git reset --soft HEAD~1
💡 Suggerimenti
Usa il terminale integrato di Visual Studio (Ctrl + ) per eseguire tutti i comandi.
Tieni sempre aggiornato il branch principale prima di fare nuove modifiche (git pull).
Commit frequenti aiutano a tracciare meglio le modifiche.</code></pre>
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